My research in African international relations explores how African states and regional bodies navigate a fragmented global order, focusing on agency, non-alignment, regionalism, and foreign-policy decision-making.
I analyse Tanzania’s neutrality in the Russia–Ukraine war and the role of external actors in conflict mediation. In The Crisis of African Agency and the Rising Role of External Actors in African Conflict Mediation and Too Far, Too Wide?, I examine regionalism, security, and African-led diplomacy in a multipolar world.
